不同砧木对欧亚种葡萄红亚历山大产量和品质的影响

Influences of Different Rootstocks on Yield and Quality in Vitis vinifera L. Red Alexandria

为了评价不同砧木嫁接对南方湿热地区欧亚种葡萄生长、产量与品质的影响,进一步明确嫁接栽培的生物学效应,以22份砧木嫁接的欧亚种葡萄红亚历山大为试材,研究砧木对葡萄生长、产量与品质指标的影响,用主成分分析法对葡萄砧穗组合的果实品质进行了综合评价。结果表明,生长势的隶属函数值以5BB嫁接植株最高;砧木对嫁接葡萄单株产量影响较大,变异系数23.11%,以Dog Ridge、Saltcreek、Freedom与Rupestris du lot单株产量较高;对葡萄果实品质性状影响较大的是色度角与花色素苷含量,其变异系数为64.19%和53.35%,Freedom、Rupestris du lot、Saltcreek与华佳8号砧嫁接显著促进接穗果实着色;对葡萄果肉中总酚、类黄酮以及FRAP与ABTS自由基清除能力的影响较高,变异系数分别34.92%、35.12%、37.22%与36.58%,SO4、Rupestris du lot与Freedom嫁接果实有较高的酚类物质含量与抗氧化能力。主成分分析评价表明,在南方高温高湿栽培环境下,Freedom、Saltcreek与Rupestris du lot 3个砧木可提高红亚历山大葡萄的果实品质和产量。本研究为南方地区葡萄的嫁接栽培评价提供一定指导。

In order to evaluate the influence of different rootstocks on grape growth,yield,and quality in hot and humid regions of Southern China and further clarify the biological effects of grafting,the present study investigated the effects of rootstock on plant vigor,yield,and berry quality through Vitis vinifera L. cv. Red Alexandria grafted onto 22 rootstocks.Berry quality of these scion / rootstock combinations was comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis.The results showed that the membership function of growth potential in plants grown on 5BB was the highest. Rootstock had a significant effect on yield,with coefficients of variation equal to 23. 11%. Red Alexandria on Dog Ridge,Saltcreek,Freedom,and Rupestris du lot produced fruits with higher yield. There were significant effects on hue angle and anthocyanin content in the peel,whose coefficients of variation were 64. 19% and 53. 35%,respectively. Freedom,Rupestris du lot,Saltcreek,and Huajia No. 8 rootstocks significantly accelerated berry coloring. The influence of rootstock on total phenolics,flavonoids,and radical scavenging capacity by FRAP and ABTS were higher; their coefficients of variation were 34. 92%,35. 12%,37. 22%,and 36. 58%,respectively. The berries on SO4,Rupestris du lot,and Freedom contained more phenolic compounds and exhibited higher antioxidant activity. The results of the principal component analysis suggest that three rootstocks,including Freedom,Saltcreek,and Rupestris du lot,could improve yield and quality for Vitis vinifera cv. Red Alexandria in hot and humid regions of Southern China. This study provides some guidance for evaluating of grape grafting cultivation in Southern China.