4岁听障儿童疑问句认知特点研究

A Study of the Comprehension of Interrogative Sentences in Hearing-impaired Children of 4 Years Old

目的探讨4岁人工耳蜗植入听障儿童对4类特指疑问句的认知发展特点及其与同龄健听儿童的差异。方法参照《听障儿童语言能力评估标准及方法》中的主题对话分测验内容，自行设计了3组测试材料，统计31名听障儿童和30名健听儿童4类特指疑问句的回答正确率，通过X。检验分析。结果4岁听障儿童回答问题的正确率显著低于同龄健听儿童（P〈0．01），在回答方式、回答使用的句子以及思维能力表现方面也不尽相同。结论4岁听障儿童回答问题的语言能力与同龄健听儿童相比仍有一定差距，与疑问句听觉输入不够、认知和生活经验不足、交流中表达次数不够有关。

Objective To study and compare the abilities of understanding 4 types of interrogative questions in 4-year-old hearing-impaired children after cochlear implantation and normal-hearing children. Methods The dialogues in the Standards and Methods for the Speech Assessment of Hearing-impaired Children were used to test 31 hearing- impaired and 30 normal-hearing children. The percents of answering the interrogative questions correctly were calculated and the differences between hearing-impaired and normal-hearing children were analyzed by chi-square test. Results The rates of correctly answering questions in hearing-impaired children were significantly lower than those in normal-hearing children（P〈0.01）. There were also differences in the ways of answering questions, sentences used in answers and thinking abilities. Conclusion The ability of understanding the questions for hearing-impaired children is poorer than normal-hearing children, which may be induced by inadequate auditory input, lack of cognitive and life experience and few chances to speak.