现代汉语“名+数+量”结构的形态表征及认知理据

The "Noun + Numeral + Classifier" Structure in Modern Chinese :Morphosyntactic Representation and Cognitive Motivation

现代汉语中,数量短语有时可以置于所修饰的名词之后,形成"名+数+量"结构,这是汉语突出的类型学特点。以往研究大多把这类结构视作现代汉语"数+量+名"结构来源的历时参照。其实,"名+数+量"结构在现代汉语中也十分普遍。本文在认知语言学框架下,把现代汉语"名+数+量"结构离析为评价型和数量型两类,探讨了二者的形态表征,并认为其认知理据是名词的入景方式不同。

In modem Chinese, the numeral-classifier phrase can sometimes follow the noun it modifies. Hence appears the ＂noun ＋ numeral ＋ classifier＂ structure, which is one of the prominent typological characteristics of Chinese. The previous studies substantially regard this structure as the diachronic source of the ＂noun ＋ numeral ＋ classifier＂ structure in modern Chinese. In fact, such structure is also common in modem Chinese. Within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics, this paper classifies the structure into JUDGEMENT and QUANTITY, discusses their morphosyntactic representations, and argues that the representations are cognitively motivated by different nominal grounding manners.