国外书面纠正性反馈实证研究述评

A Review of the Empirical Studies of Written Corrective Feedback Abroad

纠正性反馈在许多方面已经成为应用语言学研究的示范性议题,所以对该议题研究的全面分析对二语习得与写作的未来研究意义重大。本文围绕"书面纠正性反馈的有效性"、"不同纠正性反馈方式的有效程度"与"书面纠正性反馈效果的影响因素"对国外有关该议题的实证研究进行系统性梳理,并揭示其存在的主要局限。本文的分析表明:由于单因素因果链设计、质化研究匮乏、生态效度不足等局限,对于"书面纠正性反馈是否有效"、"何种反馈方式(更)有效"等关键问题目前尚无明确答案;未来该领域的量化研究应引入调节变量,考察书面纠错与其他因素的交互作用,同时应开展更多的质化研究,探索个体情感因素等对书面纠错效果的影响。

In many ways, corrective feedback （CF） constitutes an exemplary topic for applied linguistics enquiry, so a com- prehensive analysis of the existing CF research is of great significance to the future study of SLA and L2 writing. The present article reviews the empirical studies of written CF （WCF） aboard in three aspects, namely ＂the effectiveness of WCF＂, ＂the efficacy of different types of WCF＂ and ＂the factors affecting the effectiveness of WCF＂, and tries to reveal their major limitations. It points out that no definite conclusion has been reached on the key issues such as ＂whether WCF works＂ and ＂which kind of WCF is （more） effective＂ because of the single-factor research design, lack of qualitative studies and the poor ecologi- cal validity. It also suggests that moderating variables should be introduced into the future WCF research to study the interaction between WCF and these moderators and more qualitative studie~ should be conducted to investigate the influence of learners＇ affective factors on the effectiveness of WCF.