50份苦荞种质资源农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis on the agronomic characteristics of 50 tartary buckwheat germplasms

在定西市农业科学研究院旱地试验基地,对50份苦荞种质资源的遗传多样性进行了田间观测分析,归纳其亲缘关系,以为合理利用苦荞种质资源提供依据。结果表明:1 50份苦荞种质资源间存在丰富的遗传多样性,4个质量性状(粒型、粒色、株型、抗倒性)以粒色的遗传多样性指数最高;6个数量性状(生育期、株高、主茎节数、主茎分枝、千粒重、单株粒重)以单株粒重的遗传多样性指数最高,变异系数最大。2相关性分析和聚类分析表明类群Ⅲ所包括的11份材料具有生育期短、植株较矮、分枝多、株型较为松散、抗倒伏、千粒重和单株粒重高等特性,是选育高产抗倒型苦荞的理想亲本材料。

To provide theoretical basis for rational use of tartary buckwheat varieties and potential improvement of tartary buckwheat breeding, the genetic diversities of 50 tartary buckwheat germplasm resources were analyzed based on the observation in field at the testing ground of Agricultural Science Research Institute of Dingxi, and their genetic rela- tionships were further concluded. The results showed that substantial genetic diversity was discovered among the 50 tar- tary buckwheat germplasm resources. Among the 4 quality traits （grain color, kernel shape, plant type, and lodging re- sistance） investigated, the genetic diversity index of grain color scored the highest. For the 6 quantitative traits （period of duration, plant height, node number of stem, branch of stem, 1000-grains weight, and seeds weight per plant）, the ge- netic diversity index of seed weight per plant was the highest and its variation coefficient reached the maximum. Accord- ing to the results of correlation analysis and the cluster analysis, the third group including 11 germplasms was the variety with characteristics including short period of duration, proper plant height, additional branches, loose plant type, lodging resistance, high 1000-grains weight and seeds weight per plant, which was the desirable breeding materials with high yield and lodging-resistant.