陕西省3所地方高校不同专业大学生健康危险行为现状

Current situation of health risk behaviors among students in different majors in three local universities of Shaanxi Province

目的了解陕西省不同专业大学生健康危险行为状况,为提高大学生体质健康水平提供依据。方法运用分层抽样法,随机抽取3个地方高校理工、文科、工科、艺体专业3 458名学生进行问卷调查。结果大学生健康危险行为较为普遍:艺体专业学生吸烟率较高(P<0.01),理科生饮酒发生率较高(P<0.01),工科学生药物滥用行为发生率较高(P<0.05);艺体学生网络成瘾行为发生率较高(P<0.05),工科学生色情读物成瘾行为发生率较高(P<0.05);文科学生想过自杀及有过自杀行为的发生率较高(P<0.05);不同专业大学生过去7 d内每天至少运动1 h的天数比例差异有统计学意义(χ2=71.507,P<0.01)。结论大学生健康危险行为发生受多种因素的影响,开展健康教育,建立心理档案,引导学生积极参与体育活动,建立家庭、学校、社会一体化的教育机制是提高大学生身体健康的重要措施。

[Objective]To understand the current situation of health risk behaviors among college students in different majors, provide the basis for improving the physical health level of college students.[Methods]3 458 students in majors of science and technology, liberal arts, engineering, and art were collected from three local universities by using the stratified sampling method, to conduct a questionnaire investigation.[Results]The health risk behaviors were common among college students： the smoking rate was high among art students（P〈0.01 ）, the alcohol consumption rate was high among science students（P〈0.01 ）, the rate of drug abuse was high among engineering students（P〈O.05）, the rate of internet addiction was high among art students（P〈O.05）, the rate of porn addiction was high among engineering students （P〈0.05）, and the rate of suicide attempt and suicidal behavior was high among liberal arts students（P〈0.05）. There was significant difference in days of taking exercise at least 1 hour in past 7 days among college students in different majors （~2=71.507,P〈0.01）. [Conclusion]The health risk behaviors among college students are influenced by many factors. To implement health education, establish psychological archives, guide students to actively participate in exercise, and establish the integration education mechanism of family, school and society are the important measure to improve college students＇ physical health.