2008—2013年北京市昌平区淋病和梅毒流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on gonorrhea and syphilis in Changping District of Beijing from 2008-2013

目的 通过了解北京市昌平区2008-2013年淋病和梅毒的发病趋势和流行特征,分析其流行规律和原因,为制定防治措施提供科学依据.方法 运用描述流行病学方法,采用excel 2007和SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析 结果 2008-2013年该区累计报告淋病病例513例,年均发病率为6.98/10万;梅毒病例1 320例,年均发病率为17.95/10万;淋病男女发病差异有统计学意义（x2 =327.87,p＜0.05）,梅毒男女发病差异无统计学意义（x2=0.34,P＞0.05）;淋病发病年龄集中在20～39岁年龄组,而梅毒集中在20～39岁年龄组和60岁以上年龄组;职业均以家务及待业、商业服务和农民为主.梅毒分期以隐性梅毒、Ⅱ期梅毒、Ⅰ期梅毒为主,分别占病例总数的57.35％、22.65％、18.56％.结论 应根据该区淋病、梅毒的流行特征制定有效的防治策略,继续加强监测,强化宣传,普及知识,开展有效的综合干预措施.

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological trend and characteristics of gonorrhea and syphilis in Changping District of Beijing from 2008-2013, analyze its epidemic law and reasons, and provide scientific basis for developing the prevention and control measures. [Methods]Using descriptive epidemiological method, the data were statistically analyzed by Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0 software.[Results]A total of 513 gonorrhea cases were reported in Changping District from 2008-2013, with an average annual incidence of 6.98/lakh, while there were 1 320 syphilis cases with an average annual incidence of 17.95/lakh. The incidence rate of gonorrhea showed a downward trend. The incidence rate of syphilis was the highest in 2010, and it increased gradually since 2011. There was statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of gonorrhea between men and women （X2=327.87, P〈0.05）, while the difference in the incidence rate of syphilis between sex groups was not statistically significant （X2=0.34, P〉0.05）. Most of gonorrhea cases were people aged 20-39 years old, while the syphilis cases were mainly people aged 20-39 years old and over 60 years old. The occupations were dominated by household and unemployed, business services and farmers. The syphilis cases were mainly latent syphilis, phase II syphilis and phase I syphilis, which respectively accounted for 57.35%, 22.65% and 18.56% of total cases. [Conclusion]It is necessary to formulate effective control strategies based on the epidemic characteristics of gonorrhea and syphilis in Changping District, continue to strengthen the monitoring, improve the publicity, popularize knowledge, and carry out comprehensive effective intervention measures.