轮状病毒性腹泻患儿医院感染相关因素分析

Related factors for nosocomial infections in children with rotavirus diarrhea

目的探讨轮状病毒性腹泻患儿医院感染相关因素,为临床做好医院感染预防与控制提供科学依据。方法选取2012年3月-2014年6月216例轮状病毒性腹泻医院感染患儿,分别从年龄、性别、季节、患儿家属及医护人员的手卫生、餐具（奶具）消毒、物体表面及空气消毒、住院时间、疫苗注射等进行调查分析。结果不同年龄患儿发生情况差异有统计学意义（χ2=12.54,P〈0.05）,7-12月龄患儿最多;不同季节发生情况差异有统计学意义（χ^2=8.63,P〈0.05）,9-11月份为发病高峰期;多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,患儿吮指、家属手卫生、医护人员手卫生、餐具（奶具）清洁消毒、物体表面及空气消毒等是轮状病毒性腹泻医院感染的危险因素。结论轮状病毒性腹泻医院感染患儿中7-12月龄为易感年龄,秋冬季节发病率较高;针对医院感染的危险因素,制定相应的干预措施,可有效预防和控制医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To explore the related factors for nosocomial infections in the children with rotavirus diarrhea so as to provide scientific basis for clinical control and prevention of the nosocomial infections.METHODS A total of 216 rotavirus diarrhea children with nosocomial infections who were treated in the hospital from Mar 2012 to Jun 2014 were enrolled in the study.A survey was conducted for the age,gender,season,hand hygiene of the children′s family members and health care workers,disinfection of tableware（milk tools）,disinfection of object surfaces and air,length of hospital stay,and vaccine injection.RESULTS The difference in the incidence was significant among the different age groups of children（χ2=12.54,P〈0.05）,and the incidence of nosocomial infections was highest in the children aged between 7and 12 months old.There was significant difference in the incidence among the different seasons,and period from Sep to Nov was the peak.The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors for the nosocomial infections in the children with rotavirus diarrhea included the finger sucking,hand hygiene of family members,hand hygiene of healthcare workers,disinfection of tableware（milk tools）,and disinfection of object surfaces and air.CONCLUSIONThe children with rotavirus diarrhea aged between 7and 12 month old are at high risk of nosocomial infections,and the incidence of the nosocomial infections is high in autumn and winter.It is an effective way to develop corresponding intervention measures in response to the risk factors so as to prevent the nosocomial infections.