LNG海运航线配船优化模型

A fleet deployment optimization model for LNG shipping

航线配船是LNG海运制订船舶生产计划的中心环节,是一项复杂的优化决策工作,主要用于解决航运企业多型船舶在多条航线上的合理配置问题。为此,针对LNG海运稳定性要求高、计划性强、类似班轮运输的特点,结合大宗工业物资运输和班轮运输航线配船现代优化技术,以LNG船队年营运成本最小为目标,以货运量、时间、发船频率、船舶数量等指标为约束,构建了一个适应LNG海运的航线配船混合整数规划优化模型。为了进一步说明该优化模型在LNG航线配船中的实用性,针对某LNG运输公司的运力配置问题,利用LINGO 14.0优化软件进行了仿真算例分析。结果证明:其运力合理地投入到了所有航线上,整个船队的年营运成本控制在最小。结论认为,该优化模型简单可行,提出的配船方案能够满足LNG运输组织的实际需要,可为LNG航运企业的航线配船决策提供理论依据。

As the central part of ship production plan for LNG shipping, fleet deployment is a complex optimization and decision pro- gram, which is mainly used to realize rational allocation of various ships on a number of routes. Based on the characteristics of LNG shipping （high stability requirement, strong planning and liner shipping similarity）, a mixed integer programming optimization mod- el for LNG shipping was built with the operation cost minimization as the aim and cargo quantity, time, frequency and ship quantity as the constrains, by means of the modern optimization technique of large-quantity industrial material transportation and liner trans- portation fleet deployment. In order to further explain the practicality of this model in the fleet deployment of LNG shipping, optimi- zation platform LINGO 14.0 was used to conduct simulation analysis on the fleet deployment of a certain LNG shipping company. Results show that transport capacity is legitimately distributed on all routes and the whole operation cost is minimized. It is concluded that the optimization model is simple and feasible, and the proposed fleet deployment program can meet the needs of LNG shipping organization, so it can provide theoretical basis for the fleet deployment of LNG shipping companies.