基于市场环境的射孔工程计价方法

The pricing method for perforation engineering based on market environments

国内现行的射孔作业计价方法存在着适应性差、可操作性不强等缺陷,不能满足射孔新技术发展的要求和射孔业务市场化定价的需求。为此,分析研究了国内外射孔作业现行的"标准炮""射孔米""固定费+深度费+作业费""深度费+材料费"4种计价方法的优缺点;结合射孔工程施工工艺特点和新技术发展趋势,提出了"深度米+射孔米"的计价方法。该计价方法以工程量清单计价方法为原则,采用深度米、射孔米、孔密度系数和价格系数等4项关键技术参数,形成了一套可操作性强的射孔计价方法体系。射孔新计价方法主要具有以下优点:①采用射孔米计费能够满足不同射孔方式下的直接消耗,通过孔密度系数和价格系数反映不同工艺和市场价格变化情况,具有科学性;②采用深度米计费反映出不同井深条件下的消耗差异;③射孔价格编制简单,费用计算简便,实用性强;④工程量能够准确计量,相应价格具有可比性,能够适应未来工程量清单计价的发展要求。

Perforation pricing methods that are currently used in China present poor adaptability and operability, and they can＇t satisfy the requirements for the development of new perforation technologies and the marketing pricing of perforation business. In view of this, analysis and studies were performed on the four kinds of pricing methods that are currently used in domestic perforation opera- tions, including ＂standard gun＂, ＂perforation meter＂, ＂fixed cost ＋ depth cost ＋ operation cost＂, and ＂depth cost ＋ material cost＂. And then, based on the construction process characteristics and new technology development tendency of perforation engineering, the pricing method of ＂depth meter＋perforation＂ meter was proposed. In this method, engineering amount list pricing method is taken as the principle, and a set of perforation pricing method system with strong operability was formed by using four key technical pa- rameters （including depth meter, perforation meter, shot density coefficient and price coefficient）. Based on the new method, the following four issues are settled down. First, it is rational and scientific because direct consumption in different perforation modes can be satisfied by using perforation meter based charge and the different processes and market prices are reflected by shot density and price coefficient. Second, consumption difference at different well depths is reflected by means of depth meter based charge. Third, it is strong in practicability because of its simple perforation price preparation and convenient cost calculation. And fourth, the engi- neering amount can he calculated accurately and the corresponding prices are comparable, so it is suitable for the development re- quirements for detailed list pricing of engineering amount in the future.