西洋参胶囊对电磁辐射大鼠肝脏超微结构及氧化应激的影响

Effects of American Ginseng Capsules on the Liver Ultrastructure and the Oxidative Stress of Rats after Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation

目的研究西洋参胶囊防治电磁辐射致大鼠肝损伤的可能作用机制。方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、辐射组、水飞蓟宾组、西洋参组各10只。除正常组外其余3组大鼠每天暴露于电磁辐射(900 MHz,370μW/cm2)4 h连续12天,辐射同时水飞蓟宾组、西洋参组大鼠每日灌服水飞蓟宾胶囊溶液(浓度为7 mg/ml)和西洋参胶囊溶液(浓度为19.7 mg/ml)1 ml/200 g,正常组、辐射组灌服等量生理盐水。12天后处死大鼠,透射电镜观察肝脏超微结构,检测肝组织丙二醛(MDA)含量和谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性,检测大鼠肝组织磷酸化的血管共济失调突变蛋白(ATM)和磷酸化组蛋白2A变异体(γH2AX)表达。结果与正常组比较,辐射组大鼠肝细胞线粒体和粗面内质网轻度受损,肝组织MDA含量升高,GSH活性降低,ATM和γH2AX表达明显升高(P<0.01);与辐射组比较,水飞蓟宾组和西洋参组大鼠肝线粒体和粗面内质网受损减轻,肝组织MDA含量降低,GSH活性增加,ATM和γH2AX表达明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论西洋参胶囊可改善电磁辐射致大鼠肝脏超微结构损伤,其机制可能与减轻氧化应激和降低ATM和γH2AX蛋白表达有关。

Objective To study the possible mechanisms of American ginseng capsules in prevention and treat- ment of rat liver injury induced by electromagnetic radiation. Methods Forty Spragne-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group, radiation group, silibinin group, and American ginseng group, with ten in each group. Except the normal group, the three rest groups of rats were exposed to electromagnetic radiation （900 MHz, 370 μW/ cm^2） , 4h per day, for 12 days in a row. At the same time, the silibinin group and the American ginseng group rats were administered orally with silibinin capsules solution （7 mg/ml ） and American ginseng capsules solution （19.7mg/ml） 1 ml/200g every day respectively. And the normal group and the radiation group were given with equivalent normal saline. After 12 days, the rats were killed and liver uhrastructure was observed under transmission electron microscope. The content of malondialdehyde （MDA）, the activity of glutathione （GSH）, and the expression of phosphorylated vascular ataxia mutation protein （ATM） and phosphorylated histone 2A variants （γH2AX） in liver tissue were also detected. Results reticulum of liver cells mildly damaged Compared with the normal group, the mitochondria and rough endoplasmic , the content of MDA in liver tissue increased, the activity of GSH decreased, and the expression of ATM and γH2AX increased significantly in the radiation group （P 〈0. 01 ）. Compared with the radiation group, the mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells showed less damage, the content of MDA in liver tissue decreased, the activity of GSH increased, and the expression of ATM and γH2AX decreased significantly in the silibinin group and the American ginseng group （ P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion American ginseng capsules can improve the ultrastructure injury of rat liver induced by electromagnetic radiation. Its mechanism may be related to reduction of oxidative stress and the protein expression of ATM and γH2AX.