吸附法脱除油脂中多环芳烃的效果研究

Removal effect of adsorption on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in oils and fats

以花生油为原料,以吸附剂种类、吸附剂用量、吸附温度和吸附时间为单因素试验考察因素,通过单因素试验和正交试验研究吸附法对油脂中多环芳烃的脱除效果及最佳脱除条件。结果表明,不同种类吸附剂对花生油中多环芳烃的脱除效果依次为:Norit-8015活性炭>WY2号活性炭>WY1号活性炭>Kermel活性炭>活性白土>凹凸棒土。综合考虑对花生油中B(a)P、HPAHs、PAH4、LPAHs和PAH16的脱除率以及对花生油香味的保留和生产成本,优化的脱除条件为:WY2号活性炭用量1.0%,吸附时间35min,吸附温度110℃。在此条件下,花生油中B(a)P、HPAHs、PAH4、LPAHs及PAH16的残留量分别为0.06、0.69、1.74、95.11μg/kg及80.90μg/kg,脱除率分别为99.74%、99.28%、98.65%、85.75%及89.41%,若仅考虑B(a)P、PAH4的残留量达到欧盟标准(分别为≤2μg/kg和≤10μg/kg),WY2号活性炭的添加量为0.5%就可满足要求,此时B(a)P和PAH4的残留量分别为0.53μg/kg和6.64μg/kg,脱除率分别为97.79%和94.86%。

Using peanut oil as raw material, the impacts of adsorbent type, adsorbent dosage, adsorption tem- perature and adsorption time on the removal effect of PAHs in oils and fats were investigated by single factor experiment, and the optimal removal conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the order of removal effect of different types of adsorbent on PAHs was from high to low： Norit - 8015 acti- vated carbon, WY2 activated carbon, WY1 activated carbon, Kermel activated carbon, activated clay, at- tapulgite. Considering the removal rate of B（a）P, HPAHs, PAH4, LPAHs and PAH16, the retention of pea- nut oil flavor and production cost overally, the optimal removal conditions were obtained as follows： dosage of WY2 activated carbon 1.0%, adsorption time 35 rain and adsorption temperature 110 ℃. Under the optimal conditions, the residues of B （a） P, HPAHs, PAH4, LPAHs and PAH16 in peanut oil were 0.06, 0.69, 1.74, 95.11 μg/kg and 80. 90 μg/kg respectively, and the removal rates were 99.74%, 99.28%, 98.65%, 85.75% and 89.41%, respectively. In the case of only considering the residues of B（a）P and PAH4 to meet the EU standard（below 2 μg/kg and 10 μg/kg respectively）, 0.5% of WY2 activated carbon was enough. Under this condition, the residues of B（a）P and PAH4 were 0. 53 μg/kg and 6.64μg/kg respectively, and the removal rates of B（a）P and PAH4 were 97.79% and 94.86%, respectively.