野生桃种仁油的超声波辅助提取及GC-MS分析

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of the Oil from Seed Kernel of Amygdalus Persica L.

采用超声波辅助法研究了超声功率、提取时间、溶剂种类、料液比对野生桃种仁油提取率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,进行了正交试验。结果表明,各因素对超声波辅助提取野生桃种仁油的影响次序为:溶剂种类>提取时间>超声功率>料液比;最佳工艺条件参数是:提取剂为正己烷,超声功率200 W,超声时间15 min,料液比1∶11,野生桃种仁油的提取率为45.97%。气相色谱-质谱分析表明,野生桃种仁油的油脂组成主要是油酸(65.21%)、亚油酸(19.08%)、棕榈酸(11.06%)、硬脂酸(3.39%)。

Ultrasonic extraction method has been utilized to extract the oil from seed kernel of Amygdalus persica L; the effects of ultrasonic power, extraction time, solvent sorts, and solid - liquid ratio on extraction rate have been studied with Single Factor Method and orthogonal experiments in the paper. The results produced from orthogonal experiment indicated that the effectiveness factors on oil yield had the order as follows： solvent sort extraction time ultrasonic power solid -liquid ratio. The optimum conditions were determined as follows： hexane as extraction solvent, solid-liquid ratio 1： 11, extraction time 15 min, ultrasonic power 200 W. The extraction rate of A. persica seeds kernel oil could be 45.97%. The GC - MS analysis showed that the main components of fatty acids were oleie acid （65.21% ）, linoleic acid （19.08%）, Hexadecanoic acid （11.06% ）, Octadecanoic acid （3.39%）.