人感染高致病性禽流感现状及防治对策

Human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza and the prevention countermeasures

近年来,人感染高致病性禽流感已成为危害公众健康的重要的人畜共患传染病。自1997年首次在香港发生了禽流感病毒感染人并致人死亡的病例后,禽流感病毒感染人的事例频发,并表现出多病毒亚型的趋势,其中H5N1、H7N9等亚型禽流感在人群中有不同程度的流行,虽然目前为止尚缺乏人与人之间直接传播的证据,但病毒的不断变异所形成的潜在威胁仍引起了全世界的重视,因此有效防控人禽流感疫情具有重大意义。本文就人禽流感在人群中流行需具备的必要条件、禽流感病毒感染人发病机制及综合性的防控措施、特异性疫苗研究和应急接种、药物防治等对策的文献进行整理综述。

In recent years, the cases of people infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza has become a public health hazard of important zoonotic infectious diseases. In Hong Kong for the first time since 1997, outbreaks of bird flu virus to infect humans and deadly cases, frequent eases of bird flu virus strain of the virus, and showed the trend of virus subtype, more of HSN1, H7N9 subtype of avian influenza have varying degrees of popular in the crowd, marks the bird flu virus spread across the original host range, began to infect humans, human disease, although so far and there is no haven＇t found the evidence of human-to-human transmission on direct communication, but the possibility of the potential threat is still causing concern all over the world, has become the focus of attention to so effective prevention and control laws the spread of avian flu virus, control the infection and spread of bird flu has great economic significance and social significance. In this paper, the people of bird flu epidemic in the crowd is required and necessary conditions, the bird flu virus infecting humans pathogenesis and comprehensive prevention and control measures, specific vaccine research and emergency vaccination, drug prevention and control countermeasures, such as sorts through literature review.