分泌性中耳炎病因与治疗新进展

New Progress of the Etiology and Treatment of Otitis Media with Effusion

分泌性中耳炎是一类发生于中耳的非化脓性炎性疾病,听力下降和中耳积液为其主要特征。本病根据病程可分为急性与慢性两种,急性分泌性中耳炎反复发作或发作时未及时有效治疗,则可能迁延转化为慢性分泌性中耳炎。分泌性中耳炎的确切病因和发病机制较为复杂,目前的研究表明,本病可能并非由单一因素致病,而是多种因素相互作用的结果。已知的病因和发病机制有咽鼓管功能不良、细菌和病毒感染、免疫功能异常等,咽鼓管功能不良是基本病因。分泌性中耳炎的治疗目前以非手术治疗和手术治疗相结合的综合治疗为主。本文对分泌性中耳炎的病因和发病机制的研究现状及其治疗手段的新进展作一综述。

Otitis Media with Effusion is the middle ear non-suppurative inflammatory disease mainly characterized by the effusion of middle ear and hearing loss. The otitis media with effusion can be divided into acute and chronic, and the chronic otitis media with effusion is mostly due to the lack of timely and appropriate treatment of acute otitis media with effusion, or the transformation from the repeated episodes of acute otitis media with effusion. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of the otitis media with effusion are very complex, which are still in the further study and discussion, which may not be the effect of one factor, but the result of the interaction of multiple factors, infections of bacterial, infections of viral, and immune are known etiology and pathogenesis . Eustachian tube dysfunction is basic etiology. Now,the main treatment of otitis media is comprehensive treatment combined non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. In this paper,it has summarized the research progress of the etiology and pathogenesis of the otitis media with effusion, and the progress of clinic treatment of the otitis media with effusion.