庇护主义视角下的科普特问题

A Study on Coptic Issue in Egypt from the Perspective of Clientelism

政治庇护主义是政治家们向民众提供利益和保护以获取后者政治支持的互惠关系。作为埃及最大的少数族群,科普特问题是埃及国家与社会关系的缩影。在穆巴拉克时期,民族民主党政府通过强化科普特东正教会的政治和宗教权威以换取后者的政治支持,从而形成了与科普特社群稳定的互惠关系。本文从政治庇护主义视角切入,总结出埃及政府教会科普特社群三边关系中的政治互动模式。

Political clientelism describes the distribution of selective benefits to individuals or clearly defined groups in exchange for political support. As the largest religious minority in Egypt, the Coptic community represents one of the major so- cial forces whose relationship with the government epitomizes largely the state-soci- ety relations in Egypt. In Mubarak era, the National Democratic Party government accepts the autonomous hegemony of the Church over the Coptic community in re- turn for political support and endorsements, thus establishing stable relationship with the Coptic community based on mutual benefits. From patron-client perspec- tive, this paper has elaborated the political interaction mode in Egyptian state- church-community trilateral relationshilas.