广藿香油治疗急性中耳炎模型豚鼠的实验探讨

Effect of Pogostemonis Herba Oil in Treating Acute Otitis Media Model Guinea Pigs

目的:探讨广藿香油对急性中耳炎模型豚鼠的治疗作用。方法:采用倍比稀释法测定广藿香油对中耳炎常见致病菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、卡他莫拉菌、绿脓杆菌)的体外最小抑菌浓度(MICs);通过鼓膜穿刺法注射1.0 Mc F·m L-1的耐加氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)于豚鼠一侧中耳腔内制作豚鼠急性中耳炎模型;造模成功后,将动物分为广藿香油高、中、低剂量组(100,50,25 g·L-1),阳性药物组(万古霉素100 g·L-1和氧氟沙星5 g·L-1)和模型组,分别滴耳给予各组动物相应药物,模型组给予等体积生理盐水,每日2次,每次0.04 m L,连续4 d。分别于第1,2,4,6,8次给药前用灭菌生理盐水清洗中耳腔,洗液稀释后行细菌培养并计数。于给药后第7天断头处死动物,取出中耳腔,HE染色,观察中耳黏膜炎性细胞浸润及分布情况。结果:体外实验证实广藿香油对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值为0.21 g·L-1,对卡他莫拉菌的MIC值为0.026 g·L-1,但对绿脓杆菌无效;与模型组比较,广藿香油能明显减少急性中耳炎模型豚鼠中耳腔内细菌数量(P<0.05),并降低其中耳黏膜中炎性细胞的浸润度。结论:广藿香油对急性中耳炎模型豚鼠有良好的治疗效果。

Objective： To investigate the curative effect of Pogostemonis Herba oil in guinea pigs in the acute otitis media model. Method： Doubling dilution was used to determine the MICs （minimum inhibitory concentration） of Pogostemonis Herba oil against common pathogens in otitis media （Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella catarrhalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa）. The acute otitis media model was established by puncturing tympanic membrane and injecting methicilln-resistant S. aureus （MRSA） at 1.0 McF·mL^-1 into the middle ear. After the successful modeling, the guinea pigs were divided into six groups： Pogostemonis Herba high, middle and low dose groups （100, 50, 25 g·L^-1）, positive groups （Vancomycin 100 g ·L^-1 and Ofoxacin 5 g·L^-1） and the model group. All of them were dropped with corresponding drugs through ears. The model group was given isopyknic normal saline, 0.04 mL a time, 2 times a day, for consecutively days. Their middle ear cavities were cleaned with sterilized saline water before the first, second, fourth, sixth, eighth administration. The cleaning liquors were diluted and used for counting bacterial colonies. At the seventh day after the administration, the guinea pigs were beheaded to collect middle ear cavities for HE staining and observe the inflammatory cell infiltration and distribution on middle ear mucosa. Result： Pogostemonis Herba showed a MIC value of 0. 21 g ·L^-1 against S. aureus and 0. 026 g·L^-1 against M. catarrhalis, but with no effect against P. aeruginosa. Compared with the model group, Pogostemonis Herba oil can significantly reduce the bacteria number in middle ears of guinea pigs in the acute otitis media model （P 〈 0.05） and the inflammatory cell infiltration at the middle ear mucosa. Conclusion ： Pogostemonis Herba oil has a good efficacy in treating guinea pigs in the acute otitis media model.