新生儿水肿的高危因素及临床意义

Clinical significance and high risk factors of neonatal edema

目的：探讨新生儿水肿的高危因素及临床意义。方法选取2012年11月至2014年11月新生儿1164例,其中新生儿水肿279例。回顾性分析其临床资料,采用单因素及 logistic 回归多因素分析新生儿水肿危险因素。结果单因素分析结果示胎龄、出生天数、出生体质量、低蛋白血症、新生儿硬肿症、肾功能不全及母体妊娠期糖尿病均是新生儿水肿危险因素（P 〈0.05）。 logistic 多因素分析结果示出生天数、出生体质量、低蛋白血症、肾功能不全及母体妊娠期糖尿病是新生儿水肿的独立危险因素（P 〈0.05）,胎龄、新生儿硬肿症为非独立危险因素（P 〉0.05）。结论对于出生天数〈7 d、出生体质量〈1500 g,出生后患有低蛋白血症、肾功能不全,以及母体曾患有妊娠期糖尿病的新生儿,应该加强其监护,做到早诊断早治疗。

Objective To investigate the clini-cal significance and high risk factors of neonatal edema. Methods From November 2012 to November 2014, 1164 cases with neonatal edema were seleceted, of which 279 cases of neonatal edema. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and the risk factors of neonatal edema were analyzed using single factor and Logistic regression multi factor. Results The gestational age, birth weight, the number of days of birth, hypoproteinemia, neonatal scleredema, renal insufficiency and the mother gestational diabetes were the risk factors of neonatal edema （P 〈 0. 05）. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the number of days of birth, birth weight, hypoproteinemia, renal insufficiency and maternal gestational diabetes were independent risk factors of neonatal edema （P 〈 0. 05）. Gestational age and neonatal scleredema were not independent risk factors （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusions For the neonates whose number of days of birth are more than seven days and weight more than 1500 g and the neonates who were born with hypoproteinemia, renal insufficiency, and maternal gestational dia-betes mellitus newborns, the monitoring should strengthened in order to achieve early diagnosis and early treatment.