吸烟对正常高值血压者颈动脉弹性的影响

Effect of Smoking on Carotid Elasticity in Patients with High-normal Blood Pressure

目的应用血管回声跟踪技术(ET)对正常高值血压合并吸烟者颈动脉弹性进行检测,探讨吸烟对正常高值血压者颈动脉弹性的影响。方法应用ET检测92例正常高值血压合并吸烟者与37例正常对照组双侧颈动脉的弹性参数,即硬度指数(β)、压力-应变弹性系数(Ep)、顺应性(AC)、脉搏波速度(PWVβ),进行对比分析,并用二维超声测量颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT),采用偏相关分析对吸烟相关影响因素与颈动脉弹性间的相关性进行分析。结果 2组间颈动脉IMT比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但正常高值合并吸烟组的β、Ep、PWVβ值均高于正常对照组,AC值低于正常对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);偏相关分析结果显示平均每日吸烟支数、吸烟年数均与β、Ep、PWVβ呈显著正相关,与AC呈显著负相关;吸烟年数与颈动脉IMT呈显著正相关。结论吸烟可加重正常高值血压者的颈动脉弹性功能降低,ET技术能早期诊断动脉弹性病变。

Objective To investigate the effect of smoking on carotid elasticity in smokers with high-normal blood pressure by echo tracking technique（ET）. Methods ET was adopted to test 92 smokers with high-normal blood pressure and 37 normal controls for elastic parameters of bilateral carotid arteries,i.e.,stiffness index（β）,pressure-strian elastic coefficient（Ep）,compliance（AC）,and pulse wave velocity（PWVβ）. The test results were compared and analyzed. Besides,the two-dimensional ultrasound was used to measure intima-media thickness（IMT）of carotid arteries. The partial correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation of the factors related to smoking with arterial elastic parameters. Results There was no statistically significant difference in IMT between the two groups（P〉0.05）. Compared with the normal controlled group,β,Ep,and PWVβ were conspicuously higher and AC was significantly lower in smokers with high-normal blood pressure,with statistical significance（P〈0.05）. The partial correlation analysis showed that the average number of cigarettes smoked per day and the years of smoking were positively correlated with β,Ep,and PWVβ and negatively with AC. There was positive correlation of the years of smoking and carotid IMT. Conclusion Smoking aggravates elasticity function reduction of carotid arteries in people with high-normal blood pressure. ET can early diagnose arterial elastic lesions.