反《印花税法》风波与北美殖民地“爱国”话语的初步转变

Anti-Stamp Act Crisis and Early Transforming “Patriotism” in Colonial America

北美殖民地人使用的"爱国"话语是为大西洋两岸所共享的政治文化产物。在反《印花税法》风波爆发前,"爱国"话语的内涵由"爱国君主观"与殖民地人对自由的珍视两相交融而成。"爱国"的话语表达了殖民地人对英帝国在效忠情感、政治期待和身份认同上三位一体的归属感。反《印花税法》风波中殖民地人利用"爱国"话语来为抗税行动张目。"爱国"话语中的自由内涵与效忠内涵间的矛盾浮现,自由观日益凸显。这场风波初步改变了"爱国"话语的效忠性,为后来的殖民地激进派,乃至革命派采用"爱国"的名号提供了话语依据。

The rhetoric of ＂patriotism＂ in North American colonies was a product of the political culture in both sides of Atlantic. Before Stamp Act Crisis, both the idea of patriot king and the value of liberty intertwined into colonists ＇ understanding of their ＂patriotism＂, which also represented their sense of belongings to British Empire in three ways - allegiance,anticipation and self-identity. During Stamp Act Crisis, colonists have utilized ＂patriotism＂ to justify their resistance. The potential tension between liberty concept and allegiance had been realized while the treasure of liberty has been emphasized. The crisis has changed the dominant tone of allegiance in ＂patriotism＂. To colonial radicals, and later revolutionaries, those changes provided them with rhetoric justification for their later use of ＂patriotism＂.