广西(国家)优良茶树品种花粉生活力测定及种间杂交试验初报

Determination of pollen viability of tea varieties in Guangxi(country)and preliminary report on interspecific hybridization

为创新广西茶树种质资源、提高育种效率，对8个广西（国家）优良茶树品种展开了花粉生活力测定与种间人工杂交授粉试验。结果表明，8个茶树品种的花粉生活力在31．80％～74．24％之间，其中以桂绿1号的花粉生活力最高、达74．24％，其次为桂香22号、达69．15％，尧山秀绿为68．15％，桂红4号最低、仅为39．71％，品种间花粉生活力差异达极显著水平；8个杂交组合结实率为5．0％～28．5％，平均结实率为16．0％，其中以桂香22号、桂绿1号为父本的杂交组合结实率明显高于以福云6号、福鼎大白为父本的，福鼎大白与桂香22号、桂绿l号的杂交亲和力比福云6号强；综合分析杂交后代的各项果实性状发现，桂绿1号X福云6号、桂绿1号×福鼎大白及福云6号×桂绿1号的杂交果实综合性状表现最好，均超过双亲，且差异显著。

In order to advance tea resources and breeding efficiency in Guangxi, we tested pollen vitality and researched interspecific artificial hybridization pollination of 8 good tea varieties （ national level ） . The results showed that the vitality ranged from 31.8% to 74.24%, the Guilv Vt had the highest with 74.24%, the Guixiang 22st and Yaoshan xiulv had 69.15% and 68.15% respectively, the Guihong 4st had the lowest. The pollen vitality showed significant differences among different varieties. The maturing rate of 8 hybridized combination was from 5.0% to 28.5%, averaged 16.0%. The maturing rates of hybridized combination using Guilv 1st and Guixiang 22st as male perent were higher than that of using Fuyun 6st and Fuding white tea as male parent. The crossbreeding compatibility of Fuding white tea hybridized with Guilv 1st＇ and Guixiang 22st was higher than that of Fuyun 6st. According to the fruit traits, the Gully 1st x Funyun 6st, Guilv 1st Fuding white tea, and Funyun 6st x Gully 1st showed excellent traits, they exceeded their parents.