少数民族牧区生态移民可持续发展战略研究

Study on Strategy of Sustainable Development for Pastoral Ecological Migration of the Minority

基于农户可持续生计理论,以内蒙古包头市7个牧区生态移民安置区为研究对象,分析了生计转型背景下牧区生态移民生计困境。研究表明:生态移民呈现出冲击型脆弱性和结构型脆弱性,生态移民面临着较为复杂的生计转型困境,生态移民拥有较低的生计转型适应能力,生态移民具有较低的生计潜力。文章认为,为了促进生态移民在生计转型生计背景下的可持续发展,应该增强生态移民生计资本积累和培育、提高生态移民生计转型能力、建立和完善生态移民社会安全保护体系、倾听生态移民的声音、合理构建旨在促进生态移民实现顺利转型的产业体系。

Based on theory about farmers＇ sustainable livelihoods, this paper analysis livelihoods dilemma for ecological migration of the Mongol nationality in the context of livelihoods transformation by using survey data about ecological migration of seven immigrant settlement regions in Daerhanmaomingan Union Banner in Inner Mongolia. This research results indicate that some characters, such as structure and shock vulnerability, relatively complex livelihoods dilemma, relatively low livelihoods adaptive capacity, livelihood potential. In order to improve sustainable development for ecological migration of the Mongol nationality in the context of livelihoods transformation, this paper puts forward some suggestions, such as improving accumulation and cultivation of livelihoods capital, enhancing livelihoods transformative capacity, establishing and completing of social security system, listening to ecological migration and establishing reasonable industrial system which can enhance capacity of livelihood.