露天转地下开采边坡爆破振动小波能量分析

Wavelet Energy Analysis of Blasting Vibration of Mining Slope in Open Pit to Underground Transition

为了分析露天转地下开采高陡边坡爆破振动特征,实现矿山安全高效开釆,根据爆破振动信号的非平稳、复合特点,结合大冶矿山露天转地下开采高陡边坡爆破振动实测数据,利用小波变换的多分辨率特征对爆破振动信号进行小波变换和小波频带能量特征分析。分析结果表明：db8小波函数变换能有效精确地分析爆破振动信号;爆破振动能量的优势频段为31.25～62.5 Hz,远大于岩质边坡的固有频率,爆破振动对边坡岩体结构影响有限;边坡爆破振动能量在不同方向上的大小不同,在指向边坡自由面的水平方向上的爆破振动能量最大,应重点分析。

In order to get the characteristic of blasting vibration on the high steep slope subjected to open pit to underground mining transition, and further to realize the mine safely and efficiently, based on the non-stationary and composite characteristics of blasting vibration signals, the wavelet transform and wavelet frequency band energy are studied with the characteristic of multiresolution wavelet transform according to the data from practical blasting vibra- tion of the high steep slope subjected to open pit to underground mining transition. Results show that db8 wavelet function can be used to analysis the blasting vibration signals effectively and accurately;the blasting vibration energy is mostly centralized in frequency band 31.25 ～ 62.5 Hz, which is much higher than the natural frequency of rock slope. Therefore, the influence of blasting vibration on slope rock structure is limited. The energy size of blasting vi- bration of slope is various in different directions, and the maximum blasting vibration energy is obtained in the hori- zontal direction pointing near the free surface of the slope.