中国1990年～1992年食管癌死亡分布特征分析

Characteristics of Esophageal Cancer Mortality in China, 1990～1992

[目的]探讨中国食管癌死亡特征。[方法]对1990年～1992年全国1/10人口死因抽样调查资料中食管癌的死亡情况进行分析。[结果]1990年～1992年 ,我国食管癌死亡率为17.38/10万,其中男性22.14/10万 ,女性12.34/10万。食管癌死亡占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的16.05% ,居第四位 (男性第四位 ,女性第二位 ) ,是严重危害我国居民生命的恶性肿瘤。我国农村居民食管癌死亡率为20.10/10万 ,城镇居民为9.62/10万 ;食管癌死亡分别占农村和城市全部肿瘤死亡的18.83%和8.55%。以省级为单位统计 ,食管癌死亡率在1.41/10万～42.46/10万之间 ,山西省的食管癌死亡率最高 ,是全国平均水平的2.5倍 ,云南省最低 ,是全国平均水平的8%。以县 (市 )级为单位统计 ,食管癌死亡率在0.22/10万～127.93/10万之间 ,山西省阳城县的食管癌死亡率最高 ,是全国平均水平的7.4倍 ;贵州省凯里市最低 ,是全国平均水平的1.3%。[结论]食管癌是严重危害中国居民生命的重要恶性肿瘤之一 ,食管癌死亡对我国居民的危害程度为男性高于女性。

To explore the characteristics of the death of esophageal cancer in China.Data from one tenth of population in China in 1990～1992 were collected by sampling and the mortality of esophageal cancer was analyzed.The esophageal cancer mortality in China was 17.38 per 10 5(22.14 per 10 5 for males and 12.34 per 10 5 for females) in 1990～1992. The Chinese Age_adjusted mortality was 15.02 per 10 5(20.35 per 10 5 for males and 10.01 per 10 5 for females) and world age_adjusted mortality was 20.40 per 10 5(27.73 per 10 5 for males and 13.63 per 10 5 for females). Death of esophageal cancer was 16.05% of all cancer deaths, ranking the forth (the forth in males and the second in females)in common cancer. The mortality in the rural and the urban were 20.10 per 10 5 and 9.62 per 10 5, accounting for 18.83% and 8.55% of all cancer deaths, respectively. The mortality ranges were 1.42 per 10 5 (Yunnan) to 42.46 per 10 5(Shanxi) by province and 0.22 per 10 5(Kaili in Yunnan) to 127.93 per 10 5(Yangcheng in Shanxi) by sampling city or county.[Conclusion]Esophageal cancer was one of the most common fatal cancers in China. The hazardous with death of esophageal cancer was more serious in males than that in females, and in rural than that in the urban.