氯化胆碱-尿素低共熔溶剂中电解制备超细铜粉

Preparation of Ultrafine Copper Powder by Electrolysis in Choline Chloride-Urea Deep Eutectic Solvent

利用1ChCl∶2Urea低共熔溶剂作为电解质,以单质铜作为阳极,钛片作为阴极,草酸(H2C2O4·2H2O)作为添加剂,在恒电流密度下电解制备出树枝状超细铜粉。用电化学工作站对[1ChCl∶2Urea]/0.1 mol·L-1 H2C2O4·2H2O低共熔溶剂体系进行了相关的电化学测试。研究了电解温度、电流密度及草酸浓度对电解所得铜粉的粒度、电流效率和直流电耗的影响;利用扫描电镜和激光粒度仪分别对铜粉的形貌和粒度进行了测试表征。结果表明:优化工艺条件为控制温度在80℃,电流密度为8.6mA·cm-2以及草酸浓度0.10mol·L-1的条件下,可电解得到粒度小于15μm的树枝状超细铜粉,电解过程的电流效率高达95.6%,电耗为1746kW·h·t-1。

Dendritic ultrafine copper powder was prepared by electrolysis in 1ChC1 ~ 2Urea deep eutectic solvent as electrolyte containing oxalic acid （H2 （]2 04 ~ 2H2 O） as an additive simultaneously. The influence of the tempera- ture, cathodic current density and the concentration of H2 C2 04 · 2 H2O on the size and morphology of copper powder, current efficiency and electricity consumption had been investigated. The morphology, the particle size distribution and the composition of the copper powder electrodeposited were characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, X- ray diffractometer （XRD） and laser particle size analyzer. Dendritic copper powder of particle size smaller than 15 tim were obtained when the process conditions were controlled on temperature 80 ℃, current density 8. 62 mA · cm-2 , and H2C2O4 ·2H2O 0. 10 mol · L-1. The current efficiency of copper powders electrolysis was high as 95. 6%, and the electricity consumption was 1746 kW · h · t-1.