青海湖沙化地区石膏基固沙植生复合材料植物相容性效果试验

Gypsum Based Sand-Fixation Plant Compound Material Plant Compatibility Effect Test in Qinghai Lake Desertification Areas

以石膏基固沙复合材料为基体,利用适合青藏高原沙漠化地区生长的5种植物草种,在青海湖周边进行固沙植生野外效果试验研究,对石膏基固沙复合材料固结层沙层进行了温度、含水量测试,并探讨了不同配合方式的草种与石膏基固沙复合材料混合植生试验的植物相容性机理.结果表明,石膏基固沙复合材料对沙层内部起到一定的控温保湿作用,日光照射不强时,图沙材料草种混合后种植的试验小区的沙层温度高于不含固沙材料种植草种的试验小区的温度,在日光照射变强时,这种影响反而相反;固结层沙层深度在3～12 cm处,固结层对沙丘内部含水量的影响最显著,当深度达到12～15 cm处,这种保湿作用缓慢变小;采用固沙材料和5种植物草种混合搅拌及固沙材料形成洞穴后分别种植5种植物草种的配合方式,固沙材料与植物相容性效果显著,发芽率均大于80％以上.这为青海湖周边沙化地区提供有效的固沙材料与沙生植物奠定了基础.

Five kinds of plants adapt to the desertification areas of Tibetan Plateau were utilized to carrying out an field experiment of sand-fixation plant based on gypsum-based sand-fixing compound material by testing the tempe- rature and moisture content of gypsum-based sand-fixation sand consolidation layer and discussing the compatibility mechanism of grass with different matching mode and gypsum-based sand-fixation compound material. The study shows that gypsum-based sand-fixation compound material has an ability of controlling and maintaining a certain tem- perature of the bottom of sand layer. The sand layer temperature of test area cultivated with mixed sand-fixing grasses is higher than that without mixed sand-fixing area under the condition of a weak sunlight, while with a strong sunlight contrary results is obtained. Sand consolidation layer has a significant impact on the water content of sand dune when the depth belongs to the interval from 3 to 12 cm, while the influence becomes weaker when the depth is located the area from 12 to 15 crm Besides, one can get a remarkable compatibility with a percentage of 80 germination at least be- tween sand-fixing material and the plants through the match method of mixing five grasses and sand-fixing material to form cave and cultivate these grasses respectively. Above all, the study can lay the foundation for providing effective sand-fixing material and desert plants for the desertification area around Qinghai Lake.