汉语语境中“文化”一词概念的演变分析

Changes of the Concept“Culture”in Chinese Context

由于"文化"一词定义众多,词义繁杂,因此理解汉语语境中"文化"概念的演变十分必要。"文"和"化"连用作一个词始于汉代。从汉代到明代,"文化"都表示统治者在军事征服之外的政治成就。"文化"一词在清末出现"社会精神财富"的意义,并沿用至今。20世纪马克思主义传播到中国,对"文化"意义的转变产生了重大影响。改革开放后西方学术界关于"文化"的讨论被大量译介到中国,更丰富了"文化"在汉语语境的意义。现代汉语中"文化"已经没有唯一的定义,并且在互联网时代,其意义将会更加多元。

Culture is a frequently-used term in both modern humanity and social science, for which an accurate defi- nition and precise understanding become essential. This thesis attempts to analyze the origination as well as the de- velopment of the senses of the word ＂culture＂ on the basis of the relevant historical materials. The Chinese word ＂culture＂ first appeared in Han dynasty which means ＂a non-violent governing method＂ . The meaning of ＂social spiritual wealth＂ came into being in the late 19th century and it is still in use today. After Chinese policy of reforming and opening up, scientific discussions of culture have been introduced to China from western academia, which enlarged the conceptual extension of culture in Chinese. With the coming of the Internet era, ＂culture＂ in Chinese language will become increasingly diversified.