摘要
目的:总结双侧同期行微创经皮肾镜碎石取石术(MPCNL)治疗双侧上尿路结石1083例的临床经验,评价其可行性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2007年3月至2015年1月施行双侧同期微创经皮肾镜取石术1083例患者的临床资料,对结石的大小、位置、肾积水程度、术前患者合并症、肾功能、手术时间、术后并发症及治疗措施、手术效果进行分析。结果1083例患者中血液透析治疗者89例(8.2%);双肾多发结石423例(39%),一侧输尿管上段结石、另一侧肾结石者257例(23.7%),双侧输尿管上段结石者201例(18.5%),一侧肾结石、另一侧因输尿管闭锁或迂曲狭窄或肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄合并肾结石者202例(18.6%)。最大双肾结石为11cm×5cm,最小输尿管结石为1cm×1.1cm,双肾积水量最大者为12cm×6cm;术中取2个通道者37例(3.4%),3个通道者11例(0.1%),4个通道者2例(0.18%);1083例中除261例(24%)因手术时间长(>180min)或出血较多(>500mL)转为分期手术外,其余均顺利完成双侧同期微创经皮肾镜取石术,手术时间在70~380min,平均(97±7)min;结石一期、二期、三期清除率分别为73%、84%、91%;出血为50~900mL,平均出血170mL,需要输血的患者中输血量为1~6U,平均(1.8±1.0)U。术后行选择性肾血管栓塞术3例(2.7%),均成功止血;出现气胸、液胸17例(1.6%),只有8例(0.7%)行胸腔闭式引流,感染性休克12例(1.1%),后腹膜感染5例(0.46%)。术后血透的患者为7例(0.64%),术后发现肾目的总结双侧同期行微创经皮肾镜碎石取石术(MPCNL)治疗双侧上尿路结石1083例的临床经验,评价其可行性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2007年3月至2015年1月施行双侧同期微创经皮肾镜取石术1083例患者的临床资料,对结石的大小、位置、肾积水程度、术前患者合并症、肾功能、手术时间、术后并发症及治疗措施、手术效果进行分析。结果1083例患者中血液透析治疗者89例(8.2%);双肾多发结石423例(39%),一侧输尿管上段结石、另一侧肾结石者257例(23.7%),双侧输尿管上段结石者201例(18.5%),一侧肾结石、另一侧因输尿管闭锁或迂曲狭窄或肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄合并肾结石者202例(18.6%)。最大双肾结石为11cm×5cm,最小输尿管结石为1cm×1.1cm,双肾积水量最大者为12cm×6cm;术中取2个通道者37例(3.4%),3个通道者11例(0.1%),4个通道者2例(0.18%);1083例中除261例(24%)因手术时间长(>180min)或出血较多(>500mL)转为分期手术外,其余均顺利完成双侧同期微创经皮肾镜取石术,手术时间在70~380min,平均(97±7)min;结石一期、二期、三期清除率分别为73%、84%、91%;出血为50~900mL,平均出血170mL,需要输血的患者中输血量为1~6U,平均(1.8±1.0)U。术后行选择性肾血管栓塞术3例(2.7%),均成功止血;出现气胸、液胸17例(1.6%),只有8例(0.7%)行胸腔闭式引流,感染性休克12例(1.1%),后腹膜感染5例(0.46%)。术后血透的患者为7例(0.64%),术后发现肾癌变者2例(0.1%);术中无肠、肝、脾损伤,无死亡及失肾病例;住院时间6~12d,平均(8.3±1.3)d。结论对于肾功能正常的双侧上尿路结石患者双侧同期微创经皮肾镜取石术安全可行;对肾功能不全患者有选择地实施双侧同期微创经皮肾镜取石术是安全可行的;双侧同期微创手术可缩短住院时间,减少费用,减轻患者痛苦。
Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPC‐NL) in a single session in treating bilateral upper urinary calculi .Methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 1 083 patients with bilateral upper urinary calculi who underwent MPCNL in a single session in our hospitals during Mar .2007 and Jan .2015 .Results Of all 1 083 patients ,89 (8 .2% ) underwent hemodialysis;423 (39% ) had bilateral multiple renal stones;257 (23 .7% ) had unilateral renal stones with contralateral upper ureteral stones;201 (18 .5% ) had bilateral upper ure‐teral stones;202 (18 .6% ) had bilateral multiple renal stones with contralateral UPJO or ureteral stricture or atresia of ureter . The largest renal stone was 11 cm × 5 cm in diameter ,the minimum was 1 cm × 1.1 cm ,and the most severe hydronephrosis was 12 cm × 6 cm in diameter .37 cases (3 .4% ) had 2 access tracts ,11 (0 .1% ) had 3 access tracts ,2 (0 .18% ) had 4 access tracts .Of 1 083 cases ,261 (24% ) underwent a second session due to severe bleeding during operation or long operation time (>180 min) ,822 cases received a single session successfully without death .The operation time was 70-380 min (mean 97 ± 7 min) .First ,second and third stage stone‐free rates was 73% ,84% ,and 91% .Blood loss was 50‐900 mL (mean 170 mL) .A total of 8 cases needed transfusion (1-6 U ,mean 1 .8 ± 1) and cryoprecipitate 10 U ;3 needed selective arterial embolization ;17 encountered pleural injury and 8 of them needed chest tube;12 cases (1 .1% ) developed septic shock;5 (0 .46% ) had poste‐rior peritoneum infections .After operation ,7 cases (0 .64% ) needed hemodialysis ,and 2 (0 .1% ) were found to have renal carcinoma .There were no intestine ,liver or spleen injuries .Hospital stay was 6-12 d [mean (8 .3 ± 1 .3)d] .Conclusions For patients with normal renal function ,MPCNL in a single session is safe and feasible ;for those with abnormal renal function who underwent percutaneous nephrostomy or hemodialysis ,MPCNL is equally safe and feasible .This treatment protocol can shorten hospital stay and reduce cost ;in addition ,patients will suffer less .
出处
《现代泌尿外科杂志》
CAS
2015年第9期632-635,共4页
Journal of Modern Urology
关键词
同期
双侧肾结石
经皮肾镜
上尿路
a single session
bilateral urinary calculi
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
upper urinary tract