明清间天主教的传播对传统宗族社会的影响——基于家谱记载的研究

On the Effect of Catholic Propagation on Tradional Lineage Society in Ming and Qing Dynasties

明末天主教1再次传入中国,被教会史学者誉为天主教的第三次入华2,在中外交流史上也产生了如"西学东渐"、"中学西传"等具重大影响的事件,其传教工作在教会史上可以大书特书。而宗族作为中国传统社会的重要组成部分,其重要的构成者——族人和家庭——即传教士的宣教对象,无论从个体的族人到家族,以及思想文化层面乃至社会政治层面,都产生了相当大的碰撞。从家谱记载的资料来看,一方面是宗族对族人奉教的反对;另一方面是因各种原因,奉教人士占多数的宗族被一定程度地改造以适应新的环境。

Catholicism was introduced into China again in the late Ming Dynasty. Some scholars thought this was the third time that Catholicism came into China. And a lot of important events took place in the exchanges between China and foreign countries such as, the introduction of western learning into China, the introduction of Chinese knowledge into western society. Lineage is an important component of Chinese traditional society. Clansman and family, the important parts of the lineage, are the missionary objects. There＇ re considerable impacts on the lineage from the individual to the whole family, from ideology and culture to social politics. The genealogy records show that, on one hand, the lineage oppose their clansman to be rehgious, and on the other hand, the lineage was reformed to some degree to adapt to the new environment if the majority of its clansman are religious.