乌鲁木齐城市表层土壤盐分特征分析

Analysis on Salinity Characteristics of Topsoil in Urumqi

以乌鲁木齐城市表层土壤为研究对象，对建成区和郊区不同用地类型土壤全盐量、可溶性离子等指标进行测定，采用相关性分析以及主成分分析方法分析土壤盐分特征．结果表明：在研究区，郊区未利用地、郊区农用地、建成区土壤全盐量均值依次增高．不同土壤类型全盐量变异系数范围为0．691～0．715，属于强变异强度，离散程度较大．Cl-，Na＋，Ca2＋，SO2-4含量较高，尤其是SO2-4；在0．01水平上，土壤全盐与Cl-，SO2-，Ca2＋，Mg2＋，Na＋呈显著正相关，与HCO-3呈显著负相关；通过主成分分析可以看出，Mg2＋，SO2-4，Ca2＋3个离子是表征研究区土壤盐渍化的主要特征因子，经土壤盐渍化程度的等级划分标准评价，确定研究区土壤为非盐渍化土．

This study investigates the total salt content and soluble ion parameters of different topsoil types in urban and suburban in Urumqi. The characteristics of soil salinity were used the correlation and principal component methods. The results showed that the average value of the total salt content of the whole study area, suburb unused land, suburb farmland and build-up area increased in turn. The variation coefficients of total salt content in different soil types ranged between 0. 691 and 0. 715, which belonged to the highly variation. The dispersion of total salt content was greater. The contents of Cl-, Na＋, Ca2＋, SO4- were higher, especially SO2-4 . There are significantly positive correlations between the total salt content and Cl-, SO2-4, Ca2＋, Mg2＋, Na＋ contents and negative correlation between the total salt content and HCO3 content at the 0.01 level . Mg2＋, SO2-4, Ca2＋ were the characteristic factors to characterize soil salinization of topsoil in Urumqi. The topsoil were non-salinization by classification criterion of soil salinization.