高技术产业中国有及国有控股企业创新效率研究

Research on the Innovation Efficiency of State-owned and State-controlled Enterprises in High-tech Industry

近年来,国有及国有控股企业不断加大科技创新投入,创新能力逐渐增强,但仍有研究指出国有企业存在双重效率损失,缺乏创新动力,创新效率低。显然,国有及国有控股企业的创新效率问题值得关注与探讨。文章以高技术产业为例,通过投入导向的BCC模型衡量2009年-2012年全国各省国有及国有控股企业创新效率的相对高低。结果表明不论从整体还是地区层面来看,2009-2012年间我国高技术产业中国有及国有控股企业创新效率持续处于较低水平,且呈下降趋势;国有及国有控股企业创新效率的影响因素存在明显的区域差异:全国水平上受制于规模效率,而省域层面主要受纯技术效率影响。针对上述结论,文章进一步提出重视技术与规模之间的平衡、协同提升高技术创新综合效率、利用国有企业的比较优势提升高技术产业创新效率等建议。

In recent years, the state -owned enterprises and state -controlled enterprises continue to increase investment in science and technology innovation. Their innovation ability strengthens gradually,but there is still a research points out that the state - owned enterprise has double efficiency loss, lack of creativity, innovation and low efficiency. Obviously, innovation efficiency of state - owned and state - controlled enterprises is worthy of attention. This papertakes high - tech industry as an example, uses the DEA model which is based on the input - oriented mode and the VRS assumptions to measure the high - tech industry innovation efficiency of state - owned andstate - controlled enterprises based on 2009 -2012 provincial panel data. Finally this paper argues that no matter from the whole or the view of region, between 2009 and 2012, innovation efficiency of state - owned and state - controlled en- terprises in high -tech industry continued at a low level, and declining; there is an obvious regional difference, the influence factors include：national level subject to the scale efficiency ,while the provincial efficiency mainly by the pure technical efficiency effect. In view of the above conclusion, this paper further puts forward the importance of the balance between technology and scale, synergy to enhance the comprehensive high efficiency of technological innovation, the use of comparative advantage of state - owned enterprises to promote the innovation efficiency of high - tech industry and other suggestions.