船体典型零件冲压成形回弹机理仿真分析

Analysis of springback of typical ship parts stamping forming simulation

为研究结构回弹现象,以某船用电子设备罩壳为研究对象,根据弹塑性材料模型建立冲压回弹有限元模型。计算结果表明:板料4个角落距离模具中心距离较大,导致摩擦力较大,使得板料四周材料滑动特性产生较大区别。冲压过程中材料不同的滑动特性会使得材料受力不均匀,使其应变分布产生较大的差异,这是结构局部回弹的主要因素。在实际冲压过程中,可以首先将板料冲剪成圆角形式,使板料四周材料分布较为均匀,使压边力较为一致,使材料在冲压过程中受力均匀,减少结构回弹量。

In order to study the rebound phenomenon, we use a marine electronic equipment shell as the research object, and established the springback finite element model based on the elastic-plastic material model. The calculation results show that： the distance of the four corner from the mold center is larger, this will result a greater friction force, and finally make the material around the sheet had a greater sliding properties difference. The stamping process of the sliding characteristics of different materials will make the material stress, the strain distribution have great difference, which is the main factors of local spring structure. In the actual stamping process, it is of great importance to form the sheet with a rounded connery, so that the sheet around the material distribution is more uniform, this will make the blank holder force to be consistent, so that the material in the stamping process will have a uniform stress, reduce the springback.