直接甲醇燃料电池碳载铂基电催化剂的研究进展

Progress of Research on Pt-based Electrocatalysts Supported on Carbon Used for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

直接甲醇燃料电池(DEFC)具有较高的能量转化率,其催化剂是影响电池性能、成本及工业化进程的关键材料之一。由于非Pt催化剂对甲醇催化氧化效率太低,远达不到商业化应用的要求,因此对Pt基催化剂的研究具有更重要的现实意义。从不同碳载体角度,简要介绍DMFC中纳米铂基电催化剂研究的进展,阐述了载体材料对催化剂催化性能影响的机理,并对碳载铂基电催化剂的发展方向进行了展望。

Direct methanol fuel cells （DMFC） is considered to be one of the perfect mobile energy sources because of its high energy conversion efficiency. Catalysts are extremely important to the performance, cost and commercialization of fuel cells. However, it is known that widespread commercial application of these cells is hindered by the high cost due to the exclusive use of platinum and platinum alloy catalysts. Thus, it is of great scientific and practical importance to exploit relatively inexpensive and highly active eletrocatalysts for methanol oxidation. From point of view of various carbon supports, the recent advances in catalysts for DMFC are reviewed. The influences of the material of carbon support on the electrocatalysts are described. Prospective approaches for further studies are also suggested.