家庭因素对青少年阳光体育运动行为结果的影响研究

The Effect of Family Factors on the Results of Juvenile Sunshine Sports Behavior

目的:探讨家庭结构、时间约束对青少年运动行为结果的影响.方法:采取随机抽样方法,获取1 723个有效家庭调查资料,并运用结构方程模型探讨影响运动行为的关键路径.结果:1)父母小孩共同参与对青少年运动行为结果的影响最为关键,但父母小孩共同参与最受父母双亲目前运动行为的影响,且这种影响与父母双亲年轻时的运动参与相关;2)就家庭成员对青少年运动行为结果产生的间接或直接的影响中,母亲的影响力都高于父亲;3)学龄儿童、老人数量、小孩数量及人口总量、就业状况、照看小孩及亲属时间等对父母的运动行为的影响中,父亲似乎最受学龄儿童与人口总量等少数变量的影响,而母亲受到的制约因素明显比父亲多,她似乎更受学龄儿童、老人数量、照看小孩及亲属与家务劳动等方面的影响;4)家庭经济状况影响到运动设备购置、运动付费,它们与运动认知、运动感受及父母情感支持等相互作用,通过直接或间接渠道共同对青少年运动行为结果产生影响.结论:家庭结构和家庭的时间分配相互作用直接或间接影响青少年运动行为结果,结构路径分析结果对今后发展有效的家庭干预方案是适用的.

Purpose： To investigating the effect of family structure and time constraint on the behavior of sports activities in younger people. Method： The sample size contained 2016 families by randomly stratified sampling, and the effect on the key factors of sports behaviors were explored by a structured equation model. Results： 1） The most important factor influencing sports behaviors was teenagers＇ participation in sports with their parents, and this joint participation was affected by the parents＇ sports behaviors, which, in turn, were associated with the parents＇ sports behaviors in their younger period. 2） The mother was found to be more important in the direct or indirect influence on sports behaviors among family members than the father. 3） Among the factors of school-age children, number of elderly people, number of children, total number of family members, employment status and the time of caring for children and relations, the school-age children and total number of family members were the most influential factors for father＇s sports behavior. On the other hand, the factors influencing mother＇s sports behaviors seemed more complicated, the major factors being school-age children, number of elderly people, the time of caring for children and relations and housework. 4） The purchase of sports equipment and sports pay were affected by family economic status, which, interacting with the exercise cognition, sports perception and parents＇ emotion, directly or indirectly exerted its influence on the sports behaviors of younger people. Conclusion： The interaction of family structure and the time arrangement of family directly and indirectly influences the sports behaviors of younger people. Structured path analysis is a practical and useful method for the construction of family intervention programs in the future.