静电纺制备二氧化锡/碳纳米纤维锂离子电池负极材料的研究进展

Research Progress on Electrospun SnO_2/C Nanofibers as Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

二氧化锡纳米材料具有毒性小、成本低、可逆容量高等优点,是当前研究最为广泛的锂离子动力电池负极材料之一。构建与碳复合的二氧化锡基纳米结构是缓解二氧化锡在长时间的嵌/脱锂循环过程中体积膨胀、控制纳米颗粒团聚问题以及增加材料导电性的有效方法。用高效、可控的静电纺丝技术,结合高温煅烧、水热合成、化学沉积等方法,可制备出结构型二氧化锡/碳复合纳米纤维。本文讨论了具有不同碳层分布的均匀型、核壳型及三明治型结构的二氧化锡/碳复合纳米纤维的制备方法,以及不同碳层分布对其锂电性能的改善状况及机理分析。

As one of the most promising anode materials for lithium ion batteries, tin dioxide has attracted increasing attention due to its low toxicity, low cost and high theoretical reversible capacity. It is an effective method to design and build tin dioxide based nanostructures in terms of volume expansion mitigation, aggregation control, as well as conductivity enhancement for long-term lithiation/delithiation cycling. Combining with calcination, hydrothermal synthesis, and chemical deposit, electrospinning is an efficient and controllable technology to prepare structured tin dioxide/carbon nanofibers. Formations of uniform, core-shell and sandwich tin dioxide/carbon composite nanofibers with different carbon distributions are discussed in this paper. In addition, the lithium storage properties and the effect mechanism of the carbon distributions are also analyzed.