自然会话中的转述信息声源:儿童和成人转述话语的对比分析

A Contrastive Analysis of the Source of Voices of Represented Discourse in Spontaneous Conversation between Children and Adults

本文以汉语自然会话为语料,借助语料库语言学研究方法,对比分析了儿童和成人两类人群在转述信息声源使用上的表现。研究表明:(1)儿童使用的转述信息声源类型在涵盖范围上接近于成人且在多种声源内部,各种子声源的使用频率在两类人群中呈现一致的排序;(2)成人对转述信息声源的使用频率总体上显著高于儿童,在不定指人物信息声源方面尤为如此,但儿童对艺术作品人物声源的使用频率明显高于成人。上述发现意味着,儿童已经具备了使用主要的转述信息声源的能力,但在使用的频率和多样性上仍与成人存在差距。

By using Chinese spontaneous conversation as data, this paper makes a corpus-based contrastive study between children and adults in terms of their use of source of voices of represented discourse. The major findings are as follows： （ 1 ） with regard to the use of types of source of voices, the two groups have a lot in common; furthermore, the frequency sequencing patterns among many types of source of voices are similar between the two groups ; （2） adults＇ use of source of voices is in genera｜ much higher than that of children, especially the use of the voice from unspecified others, but children＇ s use of the voice from story or cartoon characters is much higher than that of adults. The above results indicate that children have shown the general ability to use the source of voices of represented discourse, but the frequency and diversity of their use of such discourse strategies still lag behind adults.