“历史性所有权”、“历史性权利”与南海争端

“Historic Ownership”,“Historic Rights”and the South China Sea Dispute

在南海争端中,中国的"历史性权利"往往不被他国承认、或貌似获得他国认可实际却难以正当行使或者被他国指责滥用该权利。中国之所以面临此种境遇,核心问题实为如何理解和解释"历史性权利"。由于相关国际法并未清楚界定"历史性权利",关于"权利"的理解,中西方素有不同,巨大的海洋利益诱惑以及对于"历史主权"、"历史性所有权"和"历史性权利"的解释差异,成为南海争端频起与趋向复杂化的原因之一。南海的"主权在我"是历史形成的,必须大胆坚持并使用"历史主权"和"历史性所有权",慎用"历史性权利"的概念,但在海洋资源的合作、保护与开发中,可以使用"历史性权利"的提法,以体现"搁置争议,共同开发"的策略。

In the South China Sea disputes, Chinag ＂historic rights＂ are often not recognized or seemingly admitted by other countries but it is difficuh for China to actually perform its rights or is accused of abusing its rights. The core issue of such situation is how to understand and interpret ＂historic rights＂. As the relevant international law does not clearly define ＂historic rights＂, and understandings of ＂rights＂ between China and the Western countries are different, so the big temptation of maritime interests and different interpretations of ＂historic sovereignty＂, ＂historic ownership＂ and ＂historic rights＂ have become one of the causes of the frequent and complicated disputes in the South China Sea. ＂Sovereignty in China＂ of the South China Sea is formed in history, and we must boldly insist on using ＂historic sovereignty＂ and ＂historic ownership＂ but be cautious in Using ＂historic rights＂. But in the cooperation, protection and development of marine resources, we can use ＂historic rights＂ so as to reflect the strategy of ＂shelving differences and seeking joint development＂.