海南岛史前遗址中的海洋文化特质

The Marine Cultural Characteristic of the Prehistoric Sites of Hainan Island

在已发现的海南岛新石器时代遗址中,具有海洋文化特质的沙(贝)丘遗址占了相当数量,且主要分布在海南岛环岛四周的陵水、三亚、东方、昌江、儋州和临高等沿海市县,特别是近年发现的陵水移辇沙丘遗址和正在发掘的桥山等沙丘遗址更引起了考古界的关注。这些遗址大多临河靠海傍山,分别代表了新石器时代早、中、晚期的不同类型。从遗址的出土遗物分析,早期的海南岛居民的生产活动主要以捕捞海洋贝类生物为主,在长期的生产生活中逐渐产生了海南岛古老的海洋文化特质。

Among all the Neolithic sites found in Hainan province, sand dunes and shell mounds with marine cultural characteristic occupy a large proportion. These sites are mainly in the coastal cities or counties, such as Lingshui, Sanya, Dongfang, Changjiang, Danzhou and Lingao, etc. The sand dunes discovered in Yinian Village, Lingshui County and the ongoing archaeological sand dunes project in Qiaoshan Village （also in Lingshui County） have attracted the attention of archeologists. Most of these sites are near the rivers, sea or at the foot of the mountains. The remains from these sites indicate that the early inhabitants of Hainan Island mainly live on marine mollusks and the longtime living tradition results in the old marine cultural characteristic of Hainan Island.