发达国家循环经济实践对我国的启示

The Enlightenment of the Practice of the Recycling-oriented Society in the Developed Countries to China's Development of Circular Economy

发达国家通过立法及不断修改完善法律来推动循环经济实践,并通过技术不断开发应用,其循环经济实践已从最初的节能降耗与减排、垃圾处理和再利用拓展到建设循环型社会并走在世界前列。而我国循环经济实践还处在"小打小闹"阶段,尚未化作国家、地方、企业和居民个人的自觉行动,持续全面推进受阻。借鉴经验,加快构建覆盖全社会的资源循环利用体系和发展模式,不仅能缓解我国经济发展面临的生态环境约束和自然资源瓶颈,还能有效改善能源结构和环境质量,更好地应对全球气候变化和可持续发展挑战。文章从循环经济的形成与发展趋势出发,在介绍发达国家建设循环型社会实践经验的基础上,探索分析了我国发展循环经济的意义、主要目标任务、政府职能和重点方向。

The developed countries take their places in the front ranks of the world by legislation and perfecting law to boost the practice of circular economy and by developing technology to establish recycling-oriented society from energy conservation, emission reduction and garbage disposal, whereas in China, circular economy is still at its initial stage, not yet being boosted in the country. Drawing on the experience of other countries, constructing the system of recycling resources and development pattern can not only relieve the ecological restrain and bottleneck restraint of nature resources, but also improve the energy structure and the quality of environment, so that China can meet the challenges of the climate change of the world and sustainable development. This paper aims to introduce the experience of constructing the recycling-oriented society of the developed countries and analyze the meaning, major target and the government functions and emphasis of developing circular economy in China.