冤假错案的成因及对策

Causes and Countermeasures of Miscarriages of Justice——from the Perspective of Trial

审视近年来不断披露的冤假错案,不难发现任何一起冤假错案的形成都不是偶然的,而是各种因素合力作用的结果,尤其是应当对冤假错案的发生起着重要防范作用的审判环节,却因未能将程序公正的价值根植于法官内心,导致疑罪从无、非法证据排除、审判依法独立等原则在具体的审判实践中无法实现,是一批冤假错案发生的主要根源。需要坚持疑罪从无、非法证据排除、依法独立行使审判权三大原则,以求将冤假错案的发生率控制在最低的限度内。

Examining the Miscarriages of justice which has happened in recent years, it is not difficult to find that any miscarriage of justice is not accidental, but the result of the joint effects of various factors. The trial should play an important role in preventing the occurrence of miscarriages of justice, because of the failure of inputting the value of procedural justice in the judge, the presumption of innocence, illegal evidence exclusion and judicial independence do lie in our law, but cannot be carried out in practice, which leads to a number of miscarriages of justice. So it is necessary to stick to the the principle of presumption of innocence and illegal evidence ex- clusion according to the independent exercise of judicial power, in order to control the incidence of miscarriages of justice in the mini-mum.