青岛市吸食新型毒品人群的行为调查及性病感染情况

Survey of behavior characteris tics and STD infection status among new drug users in Qingdao

目的了解吸食新型毒品人群的艾滋病知识、态度、行为及感染状况,探索针对该人群的有效干预措施。方法采用同伴推动抽样方法(RDS)招募新型毒品吸食者进行问卷调查。结果共调查新型毒品吸食者324人,未发现艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性者,梅毒感染率为16.0%(52人)。艾滋病知识知晓率为36.1%,79.6%认为自己没有感染艾滋病的危险,66.0%首次吸毒原因为同伴影响;70.2%选择在自己或朋友家吸食毒品,29.3%选择在宾馆或娱乐场所吸食毒品。吸食毒品后31.7%选择商业性伴,59.1%选择临时性伴;最近一次与商业性伴和临时性伴性行为安全套使用率分别为7.3%和2.5%;40.3%有过群交性行为,其中59.5%发生群交性行为从不使用安全套。最近一年只有9.4%接受过HIV抗体检测,6.8%接受过同伴教育。结论吸食新型毒品人群艾滋病相关高危行为广泛存在,梅毒感染率高,接受干预和艾滋病检测率极低,需要开展有针对性的干预措施。

Objective To explore the HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude, behavior and infection status among new drug users, and to provide scientific basis for intervening measures. Methods Respondent-driven sampling （RDS） method was used to recruit new drug users. Results Of the 324 participants, syphilis prevalence was 16. 0% （52） and no HIV positive were found. 79.6% of the samples think that it is impossible for them to infect HIV. Peer influence was the major reason for their fist drug use, accounted for 66.0%. 70.2% used drug at home or friend＇s house, and 29.3% in the hotel or oth- er entertainment venues. 31.7% chose commercial sex partners and 59.1% choose casual partners after using new drugs. 40. 3 % reported ever having group sex behavior and among which 59.5% never ever use condom. The rate of con- dom use with commercial sex partners and casual sex partners at the last sex were 7.3% and 2.5%, respectively. 9.4% ever had a test for HIV in the last year while only 6.8% ever received peer education. Conclusion HIV-related high risk behaviors were generally exist among new drug users. High syphilis prevalence and low intervention and testing rate among new drug users underscored the urgency to develop effective intervention measures.