初发脑卒中老年患者生存状况及死亡的相关因素分析

Survival status and analysis of related factors of mortality among elderly patients with first-ever stroke

目的描述初发脑卒中老年患者的生存状况,探讨其死亡的影响因素。方法选取2010年1月至2014年1月山东省东营市胜利医院收治的196例初发脑卒中老年患者,通过随访获得患者的生存状况,随访时间截至2014年7月30日,将因脑卒中死亡的患者归为死亡组,其余归为存活组。采用单因素比较和多因素Logistic回归分析患者死亡的影响因素。结果中位随访时间为41个月,其中有14例患者失访。发病28d、1年、3年的生存率分别为73.47%、66.81%、58.89%。年龄、并发症、格拉斯哥评分、NIHSS评分及血液白细胞计数是导致患者死亡的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论初发脑卒中老年患者的死亡多集中于发病28d内,高龄、有并发症、格拉斯哥评分降低、NIHSS评分增高及血液白细胞计数增多的患者死亡风险增加。

Objective To describe the survival status and to analyze the related factors of mortality among elderly patients with first-ever stroke. Methods Totally 196 elderly patients with first-ever stroke from January 2010 to January 2014 were enroll for the study. The survival status of all cases was attained through follow-up,and the deadline of follow-up was July 30,2014. The deceased patients because of stroke were divided into death group while the others were divided into survival group. Univariate com- parison and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to screen out the related factors of death. Results The median follow-up time was 41 months,and 14 cases were lost to follow-up. The survival rate 28 d, 1 year and 3 years after the onset were 73.47 %, 66.81% and 58.89 %. Age, complication, Glasgow score, NIHSS score and blood WBC were the independent influence fac- tors of death （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The death among elderly patients with first-ever stroke are more concentrated in 28 d after the onset. Advanced age, complications, decrease of Glasgow score, increase of NIHSS score and blood WBC could increase the death risk.