预防性地塞米松使用对唑来膦酸治疗早期不良反应的影响

Effect of Prophylactic Use of Dexamethasone on Incidence of Early Adverse Reactions of Zoledronic Acid Treatment

目的探讨预防性使用地塞米松对唑来膦酸治疗后不良反应发生率的影响。方法入组80例计划使用唑来膦酸治疗的原发性骨质疏松症患者,随机分为对照组(40例)和实验组(40例)。对照组静脉滴注生理盐水500 m L水化后再缓慢静脉滴注唑来膦酸5 mg,实验组则在水化的生理盐水中加入5 mg地塞米松,其余处理均与对照组相同,观察两组患者治疗后早期药物不良反应的发生情况。结果实验组治疗后出现发热、关节痛、头痛的发生率分别是10.0%、12.5%、17.5%,均明显低于对照组的47.5%、75.0%、50.0%(P<0.05)。两组间血压及血糖无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论预防性使用地塞米松可明显降低唑来膦酸治疗后一过性药物不良反应的发生率,为骨质疏松症患者提供了一个更安全且更易于接受的治疗方案。

Objective To discuss the influence of prophylactic use of dexamethasone on the incidence of early adverse reactions of zoledronic acid treatment. Methods 80 patients with primary osteoporosis who were planned to treat with zoledronic acid were randomly divided into control group and experiment group equally. Both groups were treated with zoledronic acid by intravenous infusion; In the hydration process, the control group was given physiological saline, while the experiment group was given dexamethasone injection. The early adverse reactions were observed. Results After the treatment, the incidences of fever, arthralgia and headache in the experiment group were significantly lower than those in the control group （all P〈0.05）. There was no obvious changes in blood pressure and blood glucose after the treatment in both groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusions Prophylactic use ofdexamethasone significantly reduces the incidence of transient adverse reactions of zoledronic acid, which provides a safer and more acceptable therapy for patients with osteoporosis.