mTOR信号通路在哺乳动物睾丸中的作用

Role of m TOR Signaling Pathway in Mammalian Testis

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,m TOR)是磷脂酰肌醇激酶相关激酶家族的一员,是一种高度保守的丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶。其参与调节蛋白质合成、能量代谢和氧化应激等多项生理功能,在细胞增殖、生长、分化过程中起着中心调控的作用。近年许多研究证实在哺乳动物睾丸中m TOR信号通路可以促进支持细胞(sertoli cell)增殖与分化;m TOR信号通路不仅调控血-睾屏障(blood-testis barrier)的形成,而且m TORC1与m TORC2分别调节血-睾屏障的开放与闭合;在精子发生(spermatogenesis)过程中,m TOR信号通路调控精原干细胞的增殖分化与自我更新,且调控着精母细胞的减数分裂。因此,m TOR信号通路在哺乳动物睾丸中具有重要的调控作用。综述m TOR信号通路在睾丸中对支持细胞增殖分化、血-睾屏障形成和精子发生的调控作用。

Mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）, one member of the family of phosphatidylinositol kinase, is a kind of highly conservative Ser/Thr protein kinase. It regulates many physiological functions, such as protein synthesis,metabolism and oxidative stress,which plays an important role in cell proliferation,growth and differentiation. It was confirmed that mTOR signaling pathway can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of Sertoli cell. The mTOR signaling pathway regulates the formation of blood-testis barrier ,but also mTORC1 and mTORC2 respectively regulate the lock and open of blood-testis barrier. The mTOR pathway regulates proliferation and self-renewal of spermatogenia stem cell,and the meiosis of spermatocyte in the process of spermatogenesis. The review discussed the effects of mTOR signaling pathway in regulating the proliferation of sertoli cell,the formation of blood-testis barrier and spermatogenesis.