五台山景区地表水质现状及其时空变化分析

Current Situation of Surface Water Quality and Its Temporal and Spatial Variation Analysis in Wutai Mount Scenic Area

为了考察人类密集旅游活动对五台山水环境的影响，对五台山景区内清水河流域5个连续水样点及北台顶与栖贤阁内湖2个独立地表水样点的pH值，CODvr，BOD5，NH3-N和重金属等12项水质指标进行了采样分析。结果表明，景区清水河流域主要污染物为CODcr，BOD，与NH3-N,且银河宾馆与栖贤阁北桥处水质最差，部分采样点水质低至地表水环境质量标准（GB3838-2002）中V类水标准限值。北台顶及栖贤阁内湖主要污染物为BOD5，达到地表水环境质量标准（GB3838-2002）中劣V类水质。与1983年景区水环境质量相比较，采样各点CODcr质量浓度有不同程度的增加。其中，银河宾馆处河流断面水质的CODcr质量浓度是1983年的109．03倍。另外，清水河水体中重金属含量较1990年增加了1．06～16．40倍。研究结果可为五台山景区地表水环境质量的控制与改善提供一定的参数支持。

For obtaining the effect of human activities on the surface water quality in Wutai mountain, pH, heavy metals concentration, and the dichromate index etc. twelve indicators in five consecutive surface water samples in Qingshui river and two independent surface water samples in the Beitai area and Qixiange lake had been monitored in this study. The results showed that main pollutant in Qingshui river zone were CODcr, BODs, NH3-N and water quality presents heavy pollution between Galaxy Hotel and Beiqiao section with some section water quality exceed the class V water quality standard in Surface Water Environment Quality Standard （GB 3838--2002 ）. However, the main pollutant of Beitai area or Qixiange lake was BOD5 and the water quality decreased to the limit value of class V water quality standard in Surface Water Environment Quality Standard （GB 3838--2002）. Compared with 1983, CODcr concentration in Galaxy Hotel point increased 109.03 times now. Heavy metals concentrations of Qingshui river increased 1.06 to 16.40 times than it presented in 1990. The results of this study will provide the necessary data for conrtoling and improving the surface water quality in Wutai mountain.