酱香型大曲酶系与大曲中微生物产酶关系的研究

The Relations between Enzyme System in Jiangxiang Daqu and Enzyme Produced by Microbial Metabolism

酱香型大曲是以小麦为原料制成的含有多种菌类和酶类的曲块。随着对酱香型大曲研究的深入,人们对酱香型大曲的认识也在逐渐加深。酱香型大曲酶系的重要性也就凸显出来。酱香型大曲中微生物代谢产生大量的酶,酱香型大曲酶系和大曲中微生物必定存在着直接的关联性。本实验对酱香型大曲酶系中酸性蛋白酶、糖化酶、纤维素酶、果胶酶和脂肪酶进行活力测定,对从酱香型大曲中筛选出的48株细菌和35株霉菌进行产酶试验,并对产酶种类、酶活大小进行测定。筛选出的48株细菌和35株霉菌大都可以产酶,产酶量高的菌株可以用于强化大曲的制备。酱香型大曲的理化指标也间接反映了酱香型大曲酶系和大曲中微生物产酶的关系。研究酱香型大曲酶系和大曲中微生物产酶关系为优化制曲工艺和制备强化大曲提供了理论依据。

Jiangxiang Daqu, produced by wheat, is a block starter containing a variety of fungi and enzymes. With the deep exploration of Ji-angxiang Daqu, people know more about Jiangxiang Daqu gradually. The importance of Daqu enzyme system has been highlighted. A large amount of enzyme is produced by microbial metabolism in Daqu. Accordingly, there is surely a direct relation between Daqu enzyme system and microbes in Daqu. In this experiment, the activities of acidic protease, glucoamylase, cellulase, pectinase, lipase in enzyme system in Ji-angxiang Daqu were measured. Enzyme production test was carried with 48 bacteria strains and 35 fungus strains which were screened from Ji-angxiang Daqu, and the varieties and the activities of the produced enzyme were determined at the same time. The results suggested that, all the screened bacteria strains and fungi strains could produce enzyme, and strains with high-yield of enzyme could be used for the preparation of in-tensified Daqu. The physiochemical indexes of Jiangxiang Daqu could indirectly reflect the relation between Daqu enzyme system and the mi-crobes in Daqu. This study provided theoretical evidence for the optimization of Daqu-making techniques and the preparation of intensified Daqu.