建筑用材对酿酒车间空气环境的影响研究

The Effects of Building Materials on Air Environment in Liquor-making Workshops

为探讨酿酒车间建筑用材和机具用材对车间空气环境的影响,按照国家相关测试方法分析了酿酒车间木板、竹板、不锈钢等15种材料的吸湿率、保湿率、传热系数、气体透过系数、导热系数、比热容,比较了不同材质在物理和化学性质上的差异,结合白酒生产"温暖湿润、通风散热"的环境条件,确定了对车间环境有重要影响的建筑材料。结果表明,木板有良好的吸湿与保湿能力,其次是竹板、石棉水泥波瓦、水泥瓦、青石板、普通混凝土等;不锈钢和工字钢具有良好的热传导能力,散热能力很强,其次是青石板、水泥瓦、灰砂砖、粘土红砖、普通混凝土等,而木板、竹板等材料的保温和隔热能力强,散热能力差。因此,车间新建或维护时,建议选用水泥瓦、石棉水泥波瓦、小青瓦做屋顶,用灰砂砖、粘土红砖做墙体,混凝土或水泥板做墙柱,天然生成木板做支架,青石板做地板,而不宜用轻质隔热夹芯板或聚氯乙烯波纹瓦做屋顶和墙体。

Air environment is crucial in the production of high-quality liquor. In this study, moisture absorption rate, moisture retention rate, heat transfer coefficient, gas transmission coefficient, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity of 15 kinds of building materials for li-quor-making workshops such as board, bamboo clappers, and stainless steel etc. were measured according to relative national measurement methods, and the difference in physical and chemical properties of those building materials was compared. Then the appropriate building mate-rials for the construction＆amp;the maintenance of liquor-making workshops were determined in consideration of the environmental requirements for liquor-making （warm＆wet, ventilation＆heat dissipation）. The research results indicated that, board has favorable moisture absorption＆moisture retention capacity （followed by bamboo clappers, asbestos-cement corrugated sheet, cement tile, bluestone board, and common con-crete etc.）, stainless steel and joist steel have good heat transfer coefficient （followed by bluestone board, cement tile, limesand brick, clay brick, and common concrete etc.）, and board and bamboo clappers have favorable insulated and adiabatic properties but poor heat dissipation properties. Based on the analysis of those building materials, in the construction/maintenance of liquor-making workshops, cement tile/asbes-tos-cement corrugated sheet/blue roofing tile were preferred for roof, limesand brick/clay brick preferred for wall, concrete/cement board pre-ferred for wall column, board preferred for bracket, bluestone board preferred for floor, and lightweight heat insulation sandwich panel/polyvi-nyl chloride corrugated tile not suitable for roof and wall.