中小学教师胜任力迫选式测验的编制及应用

Development and Application of the Forced Choice Test of Primary and Middle School Teachers' Competency

在文献追踪和关键事件访谈的基础上,采用迫选法编制了中小学教师胜任力迫选式测验,并应用该测验对482名中小学教师做了研究,结果表明:(1)中小学教师胜任力迫选式测验具有较好的信度和效度。(2)中小学教师胜任特征由宜人性、爱学生、爱教育、素养四个因子构成,这四个因子能够解释总变异的53.16%。(3)目前宁夏在岗中小学教师胜任力的整体水平尚可,个人素养和对教育事业的感情尤其需要加强。(4)在各种影响因素中,教龄对中小学教师胜任力水平影响较大。随着执教时间的增加,其胜任力水平会逐渐提高;小学教师在素养维度上的得分显著高于高中教师,但不同学科和学历的教师之间胜任力水平没有差异。结论:编制的中小学教师胜任力测验符合心理测量学的要求,能够作为测量中小学教师胜任特征的工具加以使用。

There are two obvious weaknesses in tests of primary and middle school teachers＇ competency in previous. The first one that most tests employed self- report method,so it＇s difficult to avoid the effect of social desirability; the second one is that there are too many test items, time- consuming, and hard to operate. Based on the literature tracking and behavioral event interview, this study employed forced choice test to primary and middle school teachers＇ competency,and there were 482 primary and middle teachers par- tieipated in the test. Results： （ I ） The forced choice test of primary and middle school teachers＇ competency showed good reliability and validity. （2）The primary and middle school teachers＇ competency was found to be related to 4 factors：agreeableness, love students, love education and cultivating of teachers, which can explain 53.16% ＇of the total variance respectively. （3） Currently, the in - service pri- mary and middle school teachers＇ competency is comparatively satisfactory;especially the personal cultivating and the affection to education should he enhanced. （4）Among the factors,the tenure of teachers is the most significant factor to influence the competency level. With the tenure lasts, the teachers＇ competency is accordingly developed. The school type has a significant effect on the cultivating of teachers ;the score of primary school teachers on dimensions of cultivating are significantly higher than that of high school teachers. The different educational background and disciplines of teachers, however, show no differentiation in competency. Conclusion： the established test is an effective tool to test primary and middle school teachers＇ competency, which can be used and widely - promoted.