加拿大体育与健康教育专业的改革、发展与启示:以英属哥伦比亚大学为例

Reformation,Development and Enlightenment of Physical Education Teacher Education Program in Canada:Taking University of British Columbia's Experience as an Example

体育教育专业的改革与发展是高等教育的重要组成部分,其目的是培养高质量的未来体育教师,加拿大在体育教育人才培养方面走在了世界前列。采用文献资料法、实地考察法和逻辑分析法,从培养目标、课程设置、师资队伍建设、实践经验和教师资格证等方面,对加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学的体育教育专业进行分析。结果表明:该校体育与健康教育专业培养目标与社会发展需求相匹配,尊重个人兴趣选择,改变单一化培养模式,让一部分真正想从事体育教育工作的学生进行深入学习;在课程设置方面,专业培养模式发展较为成熟,课程体系明确,专业课程设置完善且根据职业发展需求选择课程;在师资队伍建设方面,数量少而精且分工明确,教师注重体育教育的实践教学;在社会实践方面,社区活动组织形式多样且服务人群广泛、将学术研究贯穿于整个合作项目之中、重视专业课程与实践活动相结合、重视中小学教育实习经历;在教师资格证方面,学生在获得体育学学士学位的基础上,经过一年的学习获得教育学学士学位后才能获得教师资格证。研究得到启示:要制定符合社会发展要求的人才培养目标;在满足学分要求的基础上根据职业兴趣自由选择修读课程;课程和实践活动相结合关注体育教师专业化发展;严格把关教师职业资格审查及准入制度;迎合社会职业发展需求试点双学位授予模式。

The reform and development of phusical education is an important part of higher education,with the purpose of cultivating high-qualitu phusical education teachers.Canada is at the forefront of training PE talents in the world.This paper has adopted literature review,field research and logical analusis to studu the phusical education major of Universitu of British Columbia from the aspects of training objec-tives,curriculum design,faculties and teaching certificate.The results show that the training objectives of PE major match the needs of social development.It respects individualsˊinterests and changes the single training mode bu letting students who reallu want to engage in phusical education to do deep learning.As to curriculum design,the professional training model has a clear curriculum sustem and perfect course construction where students can choose classes according to career development.In facultu construction, the division is clear and the teachers focus on practical teaching.In terms of social practice,there are vari-ous forms of communitu service activities and service groups,doing academic research in the proj ects. Professional courses are combined with practices and primaru and secondaru education internship experi-ence was conducted.Teaching certificate can be acquired onlu after uou finish one-uear bachelor of educa-tion after the four-uear studu of kinesiologu.Advices for the construction of phusical education in China：we need to develop training obj ectives meeting the requirements of social development,letting students choose courses freelu on the premise of meeting the credit requirements,combining curriculum and prac-tice,focusing on teacherˊs professional development,strictlu implementing teachersˊqualification sustem and carruing out dual-degree-granting pilot mode to meet the need of social and professional development.