肺炎克雷伯氏菌毒力因子的研究进展

Research advances in the virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae-A review

肺炎克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)可天然合成1,3-丙二醇、2,3-丁二醇和3-羟基丙酸等大宗化学品,是近年来的研究热点,但其致病性限制了工业应用。本文综述了该菌的毒力因子,包括菌毛、受体、荚膜多糖、内毒素、铁载体,以及近年报道的其他因子。具体内容涉及毒力因子的编码基因、表达蛋白、参与的代谢活动,以及侵染宿主和抗宿主免疫反应的机制。此外,根据近年来代谢工程和合成生物学领域的新进展,提出了消除或弱化该菌毒性的策略,并对这些策略的可行性进行了讨论。

Klebsiella pneumoniae is of great attractiveness because it naturally produces a series of bulk chemicals such as1,3-propanediol,2,3-butanediol and 3-hydroxypropionic acid. Although this species has been fueled in recent years,its pathogenicity is considered an obstacle hindering industrial applications. Here we portray a picture of the virulence factors,including pili,receptors,capsular polysaccharides,lipopolysaccharides,and newly identified virulence factors.This review covers aspects of virulence genes,proteins,metabolic activities,as well as the mechanisms underlying infection and immune responses. Based on state-of-the-art advances in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology,the strategies for eliminating or attenuating the virulence of K. pneumoniae were proposed,and the feasibilities for these protocols were also briefly discussed.